Viscous dissipated heat transfer analysis on ethylene glycol-based titanium oxide nanofluid flow between squeezing porous plates

The current work examines theoretically the heat transfer behaviour on the ethylene glycol (EG)-based nanofluid containing titanium oxide ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Ti</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) nanoparticle flowing through a channel of parallel squeezing plates. Due to its vast applications, such as bearing and lubrication systems in addition to cooling thermal systems, the flow of nanofluid via a channel comprising of a static lower porous plate through which injection/ suction occurs and a moving top plate is analysed in the study. The non-linear PDEs concerning the fundamentals of flow and energy arising in this problem are modified into a system of non-linear ODEs by implementing suitable similarity transformations. By employing the standard procedure of HPM, an approximated analytical solution is achieved for the problem considered and is then matched with the numerical solutions achieved by the classical FDM. The current investigation primarily highlights the exploration of the velocity profile, gradient of pressure, coefficient of skin friction, temporal field and Nusselt number for distinctive values of parameters that have physical significance in the study. It is apparent from the figures that an elevation in the Eckert number causes the temporal profile to retard. However, an elevation in the nanoparticle’s volume fraction elevates the temporal distribution curve as the plates approach towards one another in the case of injection. Moreover, an elevation in the nanoparticle’s volume fraction elevates the gradient of pressure in the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> direction. Furthermore, it is concluded that the results achieved by the two techniques are in harmony.