Fundamentals and economic analysis of hydrate-based carbon dioxide sequestration

Abstract Fundamental research and economic analysis of hydrate-based carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sequestration play a key role in developing the industrialization of oceanic CO 2 sequestration. Therefore, this review deals with recent progress in hydrate-based CO 2 sequestration from the thermodynamics and kinetics as well as their energy consumption and cost. The first section provides an overview of the thermodynamics of CO 2 hydrate formation in both pure water and sea water, establishing a relationship between the enthalpy change of the hydrate formation reaction and the hydrate structure. Subsequently, a comparison of the kinetics of CO 2 hydrate formation in pure water and sea water is presented, with further insight into the formation kinetics obtained through hydrate nucleation and growth models. The process of liquid CO 2 forming hydrates is summarized, serving as a critical part of the fundamental research for oceanic CO 2 sequestration. Finally, energy consumption and cost of CO 2 capture methods are compared, and the whole sequestration process cost of CO 2 capture-storage-transport-injection is comprehensively analyzed. The new understanding of this review is conducive to further commercial and industrial development of hydrate-based CO 2 sequestration.