The Role of the National Labour Commission in Managing Industrial and Labour Disputes in Ghana: Procedures, Processes, and Dispute Resolution Mechanisms

This article is an analysis of the contributions of the National Labour Commission (NLC), Ghana. The NLC, established on the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651), applies ADR techniques, including negotiation, mediation and arbitration for the effective resolution of industrial and labour disputes. It aims to ensure that both employer and worker interests are recognised and respected within the confines of the labour laws of Ghana and in accordance with standards of the International Labour Organisation (ILO). This research adopts a doctrinal approach analysis of Act 651, the Alternative Dispute Resolution Act, 2010, alongside the National Labour Commission Regulations, 2006 (L.I. 1822) and Labour Regulations, 2007 (L.I. 1833). The legislative analysis, effectiveness assessment, and the details of the comparative studies with benchmarked best practice show that while the NLC has achieved a lot since its establishment, there is still room for further enhancement. Research outcomes suggest that the major function of the NLC is the exercise of conflict and relationship management in the Ghana labour landscape. However, the study shows that there is a need to conduct regular reviews to cope with challenges emanating from the dynamic nature of labour relations in Ghana and to ensure continued compliance with international standards. This paper aims to assist in the understanding of labour relations and achieving industrial harmony in the Ghanaian context.