From the Ballot Box to the Streets: A Comparative Analysis of Action Strategies in Environmental Politics

This paper examines how young people challenge political ideas and institutions through Green Parties and the Fridays for Future (FFF) movement, two prominent forces in environmental politics. While Green Parties work within formal political structures to promote sustainability policies, FFF employs grassroots mobilization, such as school strikes and mass protests, to pressure governments. In the 2019 European Parliament elections, Green Parties saw a surge in support, particularly among young voters, securing over 20% of votes in Germany and a record 16.2% in Finland. Similarly, FFF has mobilized over 7 million people across 150 countries, with major strikes in 2019 drawing 1.4 million participants in Germany alone. Despite different approaches, both movements advocate for stronger government action on climate issues, highlighting a generational shift in political engagement. By analysing their strategies, effectiveness, and institutional interactions, this paper explores the evolving role of youth in shaping political change.