Navigating the impact of generative AI in English language education

The incorporation of generative AI, especially tools like ChatGPT, into English language teaching signifies a profound transformation in educational strategies. This paper examines the dual impact of GenAI on teaching and learning, emphasizing both its potential benefits and inherent challenges. GenAI provides tailored learning opportunities, flexibility, and increased independence for students, thereby enriching the educational experience. However, it also poses significant challenges, including issues of academic integrity, the risk of reducing human interaction in learning, and the need for strong digital skills. The study highlights the irreplaceable value of interpersonal engagement and empathetic understanding in human-teacher interactions, which remain central to effective education. Key factors such as ease of use, frequent usage intentions, acceptance, and information verification intentions are identified as crucial for the responsible adoption of GenAI tools like ChatGPT and DeepSeek. The paper also underscores teachers’ cautious perceptions of AI, advocating for a focus on critical thinking and problem-solving skills rather than mere cognitive replacement. This paper emphasizes the importance of ethical guidelines, digital literacy, and the preservation of human-centric teaching practices; it presents a roadmap for the responsible integration of AI in education, ensuring that technological advancements enhance rather than undermine the educational experience.