Phytochemical analysis and in-vitro cytotoxicity study of some ethanomedicinal plant extracts on vero cell lines

The use of ethanomedicinal plants or their extracts for the treatment of various types of infectious diseases as well as cancer has now been increased in a significant way in human or animal health care system. Because of the unparalleled availability of chemical variety in the form of phytoconstituents derived from medicinal plants, whether in the form of pure compounds or standardised extracts, provide countless chances for new therapeutic leads. Ethanolic and Hydro-ethanolic extracts of five widely used plants/their different parts, especially in arid zone i.e. Bui, Sitaphal, Tumba, Pencil cactus and Heena were chosen for screening their phytoconstituents (Flavonoids, Reducing Sugar, Steroid, Phenol and Tannin, Alkaloid and Saponin) qualitatively and further been evaluated for their cytotoxic activity in vitro in vero cell line using 3(4, 5 dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. In MTT assay, the cell viability of the aforementioned extracts has been examined at a range of concentrations, from 1.37 µg/ml to 333.3 µg/ml. According to the experiment, practically all of the plants had no discernible cytotoxic effects on the Vero cells except Bui plant, supporting their prospective use as medicines. By identifying the compounds quantitatively from the plant extracts and putting them through several tests, such as docking studies and their binding affinity with the targets, the potential mechanism of action to serve as medicaments can be further confirmed in future.