Clinical guidelines for the treatment of tobacco dependence syndrome, tobacco withdrawal syndrome

Introduction . The provision of medical assistance to stop tobacco use is one of the leading public policy measures to effectively reduce and eliminate the harm caused by tobacco. The purpose of the study : to develop Clinical Recommendations (CR) on tobacco quitting, treatment of nicotine addiction and the consequences of consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products. Materials and methods . The basis for the development of CR was systematic reviews and scientific research on the main key issues of tobacco (nicotine) addiction treatment: behavioral therapy; pharmacological treatment; combination of behavioral and pharmacological therapy; traditional, complementary and alternative treatments; tobacco cessation in the treatment of NCDs. The scales of the reliability of evidence in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health were used to determine the certainty of evidence and formulate the recommendations. Results. CR included 9 evidence-based recommendations: diagnosis of tobacco dependence syndrome and tobacco withdrawal syndrome is carried out by all doctors; assessment of medical consequences in patients who use tobacco/nicotine; behavioral support is provided to patients; pharmacological treatment aimed at the treatment of nicotine addiction is prescribed; a combination of behavioral and pharmacological therapy is recommended to increase the effectiveness of treatment; pharmacological therapy of concomitant diseases is prescribed; traditional and alternative treatments are not used; treatment is provided to both tobacco users and nicotine users at outpatient and inpatient levels of medical care. Conclusion . The recommendations are evidence-based, modern, and can be applied by doctors at both outpatient and inpatient levels of medical care.