Bacteriological Profile of UTI and their Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern Among Adult Patients Attending at RMCH

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most important causes of bacterial infections across the globe. Increasing antibiotic resistance among urinary pathogens to commonly prescribed drugs has become a therapeutic challenge. Gram negative bacilli predominating the infections. Periodic evaluation of antimicrobial activity of different antibiotics is essential as the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity may vary over periods. Objectives: The present study was designed to find out the bacteriological profile of urinary tract infection and their antibiotic resistance pattern among adult patients. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the department of Microbiology, Rajshahi Medical College from July to December 2024. Midstream urine samples were collected from clinically suspected cases of UTI among adult patients from various indoor and outdoor department attending at Rajshahi Medical College hospital. Results: Out of 1710 cases, 243 (14.2%) were culture positive, where female were 139(57.2%) and male were 104(42.8%). Most common isolates identified was Escherisia coli 140(57.6%), followed by Klebsiella spp.41(16.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 20(8.2%) and Enterococci spp. 27(11.1%). Gram negative organisms showed highest resistance to cefixime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, azithromycin and amoxiclav and highest sensitivity to colistin, nitrofurantoin and imipenem. Gram positive bacteria were highly resistant against cefixime, Cotrimoxazole, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, azithromycin, amoxiclav and ciprofloxacin and highest sensitivity to vancomycin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin and imipenem. Conclusion: This study indicated that mainly gram-negative bacilli were found to be responsible for UTI and most frequent isolated bacteria was E-coli. and all isolates showed resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents. As the drug-resistant pattern of the uropathogens varies according to the geographical area and time, the selection of appropriate drug for UTIs should be assured after sensitivity pattern analysis of the urinary cultures.