Human Capital and Digital Skills as Drivers of Firm-Level Competitiveness in Azerbaijan’s Transition Economy

As Azerbaijan continues its economic transition, the development of human capital and acquisition of digital skills have emerged as vital factors shaping firm-level competitiveness. This article examines the ways investments in education and digital competencies enhance productivity, foster innovation, and improve market positioning among Azerbaijani firms. Drawing from national statistics, international case studies, and relevant theoretical frameworks, this study highlights the evolving role of digital transformation within the country's post-Soviet economy. It also offers strategic recommendations and policy implications aimed at cultivating sustainable competitive advantages through human capital and digitalization.