In-Game Need Satisfaction, Frustration, and Gaming Addiction Patterns Across Subgroups of Adolescents Through Structural Equation Modeling: Cross-Sectional and Instrument Validation Study of the Youth Gaming Experience Scales

This study provides initial evidence for the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the BPNSFS-G for adolescents. The resulting Youth Gaming Experience Scales (Youth Satisfying Gaming Experience Scale and Youth Frustrating Gaming Experience Scale) are brief, theoretically grounded, and empirically supported instruments for assessing in-game psychological need satisfaction and frustration. Given NF's potential as a risk factor, these scales have a strong potential to explore self-determination theory-based mechanisms underlying the motivational etiology of GD and to advance both its assessment and prevention in adolescent populations.