Analysis of the Influence of Taoism on Khitan Tombs

Taoism was introduced during the interactions between the Khitan and Han peoples and exerted an influence on the Khitan. Numerous Daoist elements are reflected in the Khitan tombs of the Liao Dynasty. This study investigates the influence of Daoism on Khitan burial practices through the dual-evidence methodcombining archaeological findings and textual analysisalongside a comprehensive literature review. Beginning with an exploration of the relationship between Daoism and the Khitan people, it examines how Daoism was introduced to Khitan society and demonstrates, through specific tombs, its impact on Khitan mortuary traditions and ethnic identity. Elements such as Taoist priests, ascetic practices, and Taoist attire appear in the murals of aristocratic tombs. The selection of burial sites followed the Song Dynastys theories of yin-yang geomancy, and Taoist deity figures were included among burial objects, demonstrating the tomb owners belief in Taoism. However, fewer non-aristocratic tombs exhibit Taoist elements, possibly indicating that Taoisms influence on the Khitan people did not deeply penetrate the general populace.