Research Progress on Antibody Drug Development under the Guidance of Artificial Intelligence

Due to their high specificity and low toxicity, antibody drugs have emerged as a key therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI), as the driving force of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, has been reshaping the paradigm of antibody drug development. This paper systematically reviews the application of AI throughout the entire development pipeline of antibody drugs, including target discovery and validation, antibody design and optimization, experimental design and functional verification, as well as preclinical and clinical research. Although AI holds great promise in the field of antibody development, it still faces a number of challenges, such as inconsistent data quality, poor model interpretability, and unresolved issues in technology ethics. The integration and advancement of generative AI and cutting-edge computational technologies are expected to accelerate the transformation of antibody drug development toward a more intelligent and precise direction.