Seizure as a Path for the Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Seizures and pseudo seizures can coexist in patients referred to psychiatry, which is why each patient with a suspicion of pseudo seizure should be thoroughly evaluated. This case report discusses the clinical presentation, evaluation, and management of a 35-year-old female with sudden loss of consciousness and clenching of teeth. She was initially considered as a case of pseudo seizure, but investigations revealed an abnormal EEG pattern suggestive of intracranial pathology, and further testing confirmed patient’s immunocompromised state and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive status. Seizure was the presenting symptom in this patient, which led to a diagnosis of HIV. The case highlights the complexity of neurological manifestations in HIV-positive individuals and the need for a multidisciplinary approach in their care. The Take home message is important as it highlights why this case was chosen for case report and hence, Take home message is to be included immediately after the abstract.