Phytochemical characterization of eye drops derived from Nirgundi patra arka

Background: Cataract, characterized by the opacification of the crystalline lens, remains a leading cause of visual impairment despite significant advances in surgical techniques. The absence of a universally accepted medicine for cataracts necessitates the exploration of alternative therapeutic options. The high costs, technical demands, and potential complications associated with cataract surgery further underscore the need for effective drug-based interventions. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the anti-cataract properties of flavonoids extracted from the leaves of Vitex negundo L. Based on this evidence, eye drops formulated as a distillate from V. negundo leaves were developed. Aim: To evaluate the preliminary phytochemical profile of Nirgundi patra arka eye drops. Materials and Methods: The preparation of Nirgundi patra arka eye drops was undertaken following the identification and authentication of the plant material. To ensure the formulation’s quality, phytochemical analyses were performed. As per the guidelines of the Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India, physicochemical testing, heavy metal analysis, microbial analysis, and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) were carried out. Results: Preliminary physicochemical profile was developed. Both heavy metal and microbial analyses confirmed the formulation’s compliance with quality and safety requirements. HPTLC provided preliminary identification of active constituents in the eye drops. Conclusion: The preliminary phytochemical analysis indicates that Nirgundi patra arka eye drops are safe for administration. The findings from this study can serve as a reference standard for future research in this area.