Selective regulation of syngas from biomass pyrolysis using LaFe1-xCoxO3 catalysts supported on calcined dolomite

Biomass, as the only renewable carbon source, is vital for carbon mitigation. This study investigates biomass pyrolysis gas reforming using a novel composite catalyst: Co-doped LaFeO 3 perovskite (sol-gel synthesized) on calcined dolomite. The dolomite support was chosen for its cost-effectiveness and superior tar cracking, increasing base gas yield. The Co-doped perovskite was selected for its preferential CO oxidation, promoting selective H 2 formation. Experiments in a two-stage fixed-bed reactor demonstrated that temperature significantly influences gas yield, whereas steam rate requires optimization. Optimal Co substitution (X = 0.6) yielded 29.65 mmol/g H 2 . Response surface analysis predicted 44.599 % H 2 under optimal conditions. Characterization (XRD, SEM, XPS) revealed that Co doping induces lattice distortion and oxygen vacancies, enhancing oxygen mobility and catalytic performance. This synergistic catalyst offers an efficient, economical strategy for H 2 -rich syngas production from biomass. • LaFe 1-x Co x O 3 /calcined dolomite synergy enhances H 2 production. • Blank tests in dual-zone furnace determined optimal conditions. • Co substitution (X = 0.6) delivers 23.45 mmol/g H 2 and H 2 /CO = 1.98. • XPS/EPR directly links Co doping to lattice defects and enhanced activity. • Response surface models achieve 44.599 % H 2 under ideal conditions.