Recent Advances in Different Nanoprecipitation Methods for Efficient Drug Loading and Controlled Release

Nanoprecipitation has emerged as a versatile and efficient technique for formulating nanoparticles, providing significant advantages in drug delivery applications. Nanomaterials, particularly polymer nanoparticles (PNPs), play a crucial role in encapsulating and controlling the release of drug molecules, serving as an alternative to traditional drug delivery methods. Various types and morphologies of PNPs have been synthesized using different nanoprecipitation methods that are being used as drug carriers, demonstrating superior performance in targeted drug delivery with controlled release compared to conventional methods. This review highlights recent advances in preparing diverse PNPs through different nanoprecipitation techniques, emphasizing improvements in drug loading capacity and controlled release profiles under various physicochemical conditions. Initially, the general principles of nanoprecipitation for synthesizing nanoparticles are discussed. This is followed by an overview of the different methods used in nanoprecipitation to synthesize PNPs of varying sizes and morphologies. Numerous examples have been given to understand the applications of PNPs synthesized via nanoprecipitation for loading and releasing various types of drugs. Additionally, a comparison of the effectiveness of PNPs synthesized through different nanoprecipitation methods is provided. This article outlines the latest methodologies in nanoprecipitation for synthesizing various PNPs and suggests future directions for translating nanoprecipitation technology into clinical applications.