A Pilot Protection Scheme For HVDC Transmission Line Based on Weighted Sum of Correlations

This paper introduces an innovative pilot protection scheme for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines by leveraging a weighted combination of Pearson correlation and cosine correlation. In the proposed approach, the high-frequency components of line currents and voltages are analyzed at both terminals to ensure Higher Correlation values during faults, and their correlation indices are calculated in real time. A Weighted Sum of Correlations Is taken for ensuring robust performance under diverse fault scenarios and noise levels. Extensive electromagnetic transient simulations confirm that the scheme achieves high sensitivity and selectivity, even under high-resistance faults and significant measurement noise. Furthermore, the proposed method requires minimal communication overhead and offers low computational complexity, making it an attractive solution for multi-terminal and hybrid HVDC systems.