Exploring Functions in A Collaborative Virtual Reality Environment Supporting Industrial Design Students’ Communication Effectiveness

Virtual Reality (VR) is transforming industrial design education, yet its functions in enhancing collaborative communication remain underexplored. This study examines how specific VR functions impact communication effectiveness among design students. Using the Kano model and pre- and post-test assessments, we evaluate student satisfaction and communication effectiveness across discussion quality, richness, openness, appropriateness, and accuracy. The results show VR significantly improves discussion quality, richness, and openness, while appropriateness and accuracy remain unchanged. Kano analysis classifies most VR functions as one-dimensional, with features such as Scale, Fly, Switch Environment, Sketch, and Animation identified as high-weight requirements. Additionally, Spearman correlation analysis shows that Teleport Body and Screenshot are significantly and positively associated with the overall information quantity during discussions.