The Anti-diabetic Effect of the Mixture of Trigonella Foenum-graecum, Vaccinium Arctostaphylost, Silibum Marianum, dioica Urtica, Melissa Officinalis and Citrulluscolocynthis Extracts in the Diabetic Rat Animal Model and Evaluation of Possible Liver

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin deficiency or dysfunction.This study aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of a mixture of extracts from "Trigonella foenum-graecum", "Vaccinium arctostaphylos", "Silybum marianum", "Urtica dioica", "Melissa officinalis", and "Citrullus colocynthis" in a diabetic rat model, as well as to evaluate potential liver complications associated with this extract. Methods:In this experimental study, thirty male Wistar rats were rendered diabetic through intraperitoneal administration of alloxan )60 mg/kg(.One week postinduction, diabetic rats were randomly assigned to five groups of six.The negative control group received distilled water via gavage, the positive control group received metformin )100 mg/kg(, and three experimental groups received daily gavage of the plant extract mixture at doses of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg, respectively.After 30 days of treatment, blood samples were collected from the tail to assess fasting blood sugar )FBS( and liver biomarkers.Subsequently, the rats were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine, and liver tissue was prepared for histopathological evaluation using hematoxylin-eosin staining and light microscopy. Results:The extract at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg significantly reduced FBS and hpp2 levels.However, the 600 mg/kg dose resulted in a significant increase in liver enzymes and induced liver tissue damage. Conclusion:The mixture of plant extracts demonstrated an anti-diabetic effect at a dosage of 300 mg/kg without toxic effects on the liver.These findings suggest potential therapeutic benefits of the extract in managing diabetes while highlighting the need for caution at higher dosages.