ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN: POSSIBILITIES OF MODERN BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN PREVENTION OF DERMATO-RESPIRATORY SYNDROME IN OFFSPRING

It is especially relevant to consider the possibilities of using biological products to correct atopic dermatitis in pregnant women, since currently the possibilities of systemic therapy for pregnant and breastfeeding women are limited due to concerns about side effects that the unborn child may have. The aim of this work was to analyze the possibilities of modern biological products from the standpoint of their effectiveness and safety in pregnant women with atopic dermatitis and to determine their role in the prevention of dermato-respiratory syndrome in the fetus. Materials and methods of the study. Analysis of the possibilities of modern biological preparations in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in pregnant and lactating women and their role in the prevention of dermato-respiratory syndrome in the fetus was carried out based on a search of literature data on the PubMed platform. The search was conducted using the following key words: pregnant women, atopic dermatitis, biological preparations, monoclonal antibodies, dermato-respiratory syndrome for the period from 2020 to 2025. Results and discussion. The pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis is complex and multifactorial. It includes genetic disorders, a defect in the epidermal barrier, an altered immune response, and a disruption of the skin's microbial balance. Newer treatments rely on the action of specific molecules, including monoclonal antibodies. The analytical review conducted allowed us to determine that among the above-mentioned monoclonal drugs used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, only dupilumab is currently approved for use in pregnant and lactating women. Dupilumab was found to be safe during pregnancy and before conception in women with atopic dermatitis, with no significant increase in the risk of miscarriage or birth defects compared to the general population. It was also found that, as of January 2025, studies are underway to investigate the potential use of nemolizumab for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in pregnant and lactating women. As for Janus kinase inhibitors, these drugs are currently considered strictly contraindicated for use during pregnancy. Conclusions. Among the biological products used for the purpose of pharmacocorrection of atopic dermatitis in pregnant and lactating women, only dupilumab is currently approved for use. It was found that the presented analytical reviews did not highlight the long-term consequences of the effects of biological products on offspring, especially regarding the neonatal immune system, which plays a key role in the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome in the fetus.