Presidential Accountability in Contrast: A Comparative Study of Impeachment in Afghanistan and the United States

This study provides a comparative analysis of the presidential impeachment systems of Afghanistan and the United States. The purpose of the study is to assess the accountability of the president in light of the constitutional laws, political structures, and legal procedures of the two countries, and to examine what factors affect the impeachment process. A descriptive-analytical method was used for the study, and the constitutional laws, historical cases, academic writings, and legal documents of the two countries were examined. Tables and comparative analyses were also used to present the data. The results show that the US presidential impeachment process is organized, legal, and has a strong foundation, while the Afghan system still faces problems due to legal shortcomings, political pressures, and weak administration. Finally, the study recommends that Afghanistan should pay serious attention to the principles of legal clarity, judicial independence, and checks and balances, and learn from successful international experiences, to make presidential accountability effective.