Conceptual Geomorphogenesis Models: Retrospective and Modern Trends, with Emphasis on the Relief of the Territory of Ukraine

Purpose: To demonstrate geomorphogenesis patterns reflected in the form of conceptual models using the example of Ukraine’s terrain. Research Methods: Historical analysis, comparison, generalization, analysis of interconnections and interdependence of phenomena, regional analysis. Results. Charles Lyell proposed the concept of slow and continuous relief development. W. Davis developed a conceptual model of the geographical (geomorphological) cycle. The cyclic nature of modern morphogenesis is illustrated through the gradual evolution of riverbed morphology in the Precarpathian region. W. Penck’s geomorphic model envisages a significant influence of tectonics on the change of landscape morphology. It is visible on the Opillia upland, which we studied using lineament analysis methods on the 3D-relief model. The concept of prevailing downward development of the relief is embodied in the models of alignment surfaces that are identified in the Ukrainian Carpathians, as well as in the existence of geomorphic levels common in the plain part of Ukraine. J. Hack introduced a conceptual dynamic equilibrium model. We have demonstrated that extreme floods disrupt the stable state of fluvial morphosystems in the Carpathian region, but their morphology eventually recovers. H. Haken founded the synergistic approach to explaining the development of natural processes. Based on this approach, the nonlinearity of the riverbeds’ morphogenesis in the Precarpathian region was substantiated. The concept of anthropogenic geomorphogenesis is nowadays confirmed mainly by the spread of beligerative (military) relief in Eastern Ukraine. Several conceptual geomorphogenesis models have been developed by Ukrainian scientists. Scientific Novelty. Considering a set of concepts, we can anticipate the complexity and dynamism of geomorphogenesis to predict negative natural phenomena, motivate a set of ecostabilization measures, develop and implement models for the optimal use of our country’s resource potential, thereby contributing to its post-war recovery.