Biotechnology of erysipelas vaccines: perspective solutions

Erysipelothrix species are a group of small Gram-positive bacteria that can infect a variety of hosts, including mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, and insects. Of the eight Erysipelothrix species described to date, only Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae plays a major role in livestock production, where it is the causative agent of erysipelas. If left untreated, swine growth restriction can result in pig eliminations and deaths, which in turn imposes additional financial burden on swine production enterprises. E. rhusiopathiae also has anthropozoonotic potential and can cause erysipelas in humans, which has direct implications for the meat and fish industries. Although 28 serotypes of Erysipelothrix are known, more than 80 % of the identified isolates belong to serotypes 1 or 2. Therefore, today, most vaccine strains that are produced as vaccine preparations against swine erysipelas in the Russian Federation are these serotypes. In this article, a review of vaccines against erysipelas in Russia is intended to offer more effective methods of prevention in the region against these diseases on the territory of our country.