https://www.jptcp.com/index.php/jptcp/article/view/10782

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy among women worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Early diagnosis and characterization are crucial for effective treatment. Biochemical markers such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) play a vital role in the molecular classification and prognosis of breast cancer. Histopathological patterns, on the other hand, provide insight into tumor behavior and grade.Objective: To compare the expression of biochemical markers (ER, PR, HER2/neu) with various histopathological patterns in diagnosed cases of breast carcinoma, and evaluate their prognostic relevance.Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at Sughra Shafi Medical Complex Narowalin two-yeartenure from January 2023 to December 2024.A total of 100 breast carcinoma cases confirmed by histopathology were included. Tissue samples were analyzed for histological type and grade using H&E staining. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed to detect the presence of ER, PR, and HER2/neu. The results were correlated with tumor type, grade, and other clinical parameters.Results: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was the most common histopathological type observed (78%), followed by invasive lobular carcinoma (12%) and others (10%). ER positivity was seen in 65% of cases, PR in 58%, and HER2/neu overexpression in 25%. ER and PR positivity were significantly associated with lower tumor grade and better differentiation (p<0.05). HER2/neu overexpression was more common in high-grade tumors and was negatively associated with ER/PR expression. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounted for 12% of the cases, showing aggressive features histologically. Biochemical Markers And Histopathological Patterns In Breast Carcinoma: A Comparative StudyVol.32 No. 06 (2025) JPTCP(698-704)Page | 699Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of correlating biochemical markers with histopathological findings in breast carcinoma. ER and PR positivity are associated with favorable histological features, while HER2/neu overexpression and triple-negative status correspond to higher grade and aggressive behavior. Routine evaluation of these markers is essential for guiding therapeutic decisions and predicting patient outcomes.