Critical Landmark Exposure & Anatomical Recognition and Axillo-Breast Lateral Entry: Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Minimally invasive thyroidectomy has evolved to improve cosmetic outcomes while maintaining surgical safety. The axillo-breast approach is increasingly favored, yet standardized methods to enhance anatomical clarity and nerve preservation are limited. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To describe the Axillo-Breast Lateral Entry (ABLE) technique for endoscopic hemithyroidectomy and introduce the Critical Landmark Exposure & Anatomical Recognition (CLEAR) concept for safer dissection. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A retrospective review was conducted on 40 patients who underwent ABLE endoscopic hemithyroidectomy without intraoperative neuromonitoring between January 2023 and October 2025 at a tertiary centre in Northern India. Standard laparoscopic instruments and energy devices were used. Port placements followed ergonomic principles. The CLEAR view was applied to reliably identify key structures: recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), inferior thyroid artery (ITA), and parathyroid glands within a defined anatomical triangle. <b><i>Results:</i></b> All patients had benign nodules with a mean size of 4.4 ± 1.2 cm. The RLN was visually identified in 100% of cases. There were no instances of permanent vocal cord palsy or hypoparathyroidism. All patients were discharged by postoperative day one, with excellent cosmetic outcomes and no major complications. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The ABLE technique is safe, reproducible, and ergonomically favorable, particularly for early-career surgeons. The CLEAR concept provides a consistent anatomical framework for preserving critical structures, especially when intraoperative neuromonitoring is not available. This approach may facilitate wider adoption of endoscopic thyroidectomy in resource-limited settings.
Authors
- Kushagra Gaurav (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5212-4203)
- Akshay Anand (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8715-4568)
- Abhinav Arun Sonkar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5093-1992)
- Ranjith Kumaran R
Institutions
- King George's Medical University (IN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques
- Published
- 2025-09-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1177/10926429251359746
- Primary Topic
- Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00