Obraz polskiej wymiany towarowej z zagranicą w połowie 2024

Purpose | The aim of this article is to present the picture of the Polish commodity exchange in mid-2024. The main justification for setting such a goal is the noticeable deterioration of the situation in this respect for the past six quarters. After a period of significant trade surpluses in goods turnover, which significantly contributed to the positive impact of net exports on the development of the Polish economy, these trends clearly weakened down and then began to reverse. Hence, current diagnosis seems to be necessary even in the middle of the year. Research method | The article uses a critical analysis of the literature on the subject, historical analysis and comparative analysis. The material for the analyses is mainly information on trade in goods, which the Central Statistical Office provides on the website of the Central Statistical Office, as well as the basic publication of the Central Statistical Office on foreign trade, namely, the monthly information “Foreign trade in goods in total and by countries in the period”. Results | The second quarter of 2024 turned out to be another year in which the balance of trade in goods deteriorated. According to foreign trade statistics, the deterioration was mainly due to changes in volumes, and the terms of trade indicator also turned out to be unfavorable. By far, the greatest impact on the deterioration of the trade balance in goods had a significant reduction in the surplus in the commodity group including means of transport. Originality / value / implications / recommendations | The main advantages of this article lie in the topicality of the issues discussed and the relative complexity of the outlined picture of commodity exchange in mid-2024. Finally, an important issue is showing the relationship between what is happening in the structure of Polish exports and the situation of the European Union countries.