Optical spectrum process environment in laser material processing: a study

BACKGROUND: Laser processes—especially high-power ones—are usually associated with reflected and scattered radiation of various spectra and increased light intensity, which have not yet been studied in detail. Due to the development of process equipment, the development and widespread use of manual laser processing systems, and the growth of laser power, the studies of collateral radiation in laser processes are becoming particularly relevant. AIM: To determine the spectral ranges and the intensity of reflected and scattered laser and collateral radiation during basic laser processing of various metals and alloys. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We tested carbon steel (С345), stainless steel (AISI 321), a titanium alloy VT6 (Grade 5), and an aluminum alloy (AlMg6). The tests were performed on a special test bench using a special method. CONCLUSIONS: The tests showed that the maximum permissible levels and intensity of reflected and scattered laser radiation, UV-C radiation, and—in some cases—UV-B radiation were exceeded in all studied processes. The results indicate the need to use both laser and UV radiation protection equipment when processing the specified materials in the studied processes.