FLAIR hyperintense cortical lesions in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated encephalitis with seizures in children: a retrospective single-center case series

FLAMES exhibit an age-dependent pattern. Epileptic seizures are the most common clinical symptom, with focal seizures being the predominant type. FLAIR-hyperintense cortical lesions typically present unilaterally, predominantly affecting the frontal lobes. Enhancement of the corresponding cerebral sulci and/or meninges may be a distinctive feature in children. For children with epilepsy, in the presence of recurrent seizures without identifiable triggers, especially when cortical lesions are detected in cranial MRI, consideration should be given to the possibility of FLAMES.