When AI intervene Clinical Decision-Making: The influence of Organisational Support, Cognitive Load, and Perceived Autonomy

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare holds the potential to optimise clinical decision-making. However, the effectiveness of AI intervention in clinical decision-making can influence the ability of healthcare professionals to effectively process and apply AI-generated recommendations. This research examines the influence of organisational support (OS) on cognitive load (CL) and its impact on the effectiveness of AI-assisted clinical decision-making. The study further investigates the mediating role of cognitive load and explores the moderating effect of perceived autonomy (PA). Organisational Support Theory (OST), Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) are used to support these dynamics. The targeted respondents are medical doctors in Malaysia, and data are analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). It is expected that the increased OS will reduce CL, leading to improved AI-assisted clinical decision-making, with PA strengthening this relationship. The findings offer actionable insights for healthcare institutions, suggesting strategies to strengthen AI implementation, streamline workflows, and enhance clinical decision-making.