A network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in lenalidomide-exposed or -refractory multiple myeloma patients
Emerging therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T-cell) therapy and bispecific antibodies, are set to reshape RRMM treatment paradigms. Trials such as CARTITUDE-4 and MajesTEC-3 are exploring these agents in earlier treatment lines, particularly for lenalidomide- and daratumumab-refractory patients. Our analysis provides an evidence-based hierarchy of lenalidomide-free regimens, supporting BVd as a preferred second-line treatment. Future studies should refine treatment sequencing strategies and evaluate novel agents in earlier disease stages to optimize outcomes for RRMM patients.
Authors
- Caterina Labanca (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9985-1005)
- Enrica Antonia Martino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-3231)
- Massimo Gentile (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5256-0726)
- Noemi Puccio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-3597)
- Giulio Caridà (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7814-5424)
- Antonino Neri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-5912)
- V. Olivito
- Francesco Mendicino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6339-632X)
- F Morabito
- Antonella Bruzzese (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9785-7606)
- Danilo Lofaro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2081-463X)
- Ernesto Vigna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2123-6683)
- Nicola Amodio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1345-4410)
- Elosúa Prats Lucía
Institutions
- Magna Graecia University (IT)
- Azienda Sanitaria Unità Locale di Reggio Emilia (IT)
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza (IT)
- University of Calabria (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ESMO Open
- Published
- 2025-07-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.105514
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.54
Funders
- Ministero della Salute