Contemporary Therapies in the Treatment of Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is an extremely rare malignant vascular neoplasm with heterogeneous clinical behavior and difficult therapeutic management.This bibliographic review aims to review the most current scientific evidence on contemporary therapies used in the treatment of HEHE, highlighting the advances and challenges still present in clinical practice.A structured search was carried out on the Pub-Med database, covering publications from the last five years on the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease.The results show that although liver resection and liver transplantation remain the main therapeutic strategies, there is growing interest in systemic and locoregional therapies, including antiangiogenic agents, interferon alfa-2B, sirolimus, radiofrequency ablation and transarterial chemoembolization.However, the scarcity of standardized guidelines, the clinical heterogeneity of HEHE and the lack of approved systemic therapies make it difficult to establish uniform conduct and compromise clinical outcomes.This highlights the need to broaden health professionals' knowledge of the disease and to encourage robust research that contributes to the construction of more effective and personalized therapeutic protocols.