Revisión de estudios sobre la gestión de riesgos de desastres en el marco de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible

Disaster risk reduction is a central issue on the agenda, ranging from the identification of potential risks to the reconstruction of the affected area. The objective is to expose the scope and limits of risk reduction strategies. Using a meta-analysis of random effects, 45 studies were examined, selected for their thematic relevance and methodological rigor, with an emphasis on regions exposed to natural hazards and structural vulnerabilities. The results reveal that, although climate action and urban resilience are the focus of attention in the literature, gaps remain in the integration of social, economic, and cultural dimensions into risk management. In addition, a moderate positive impact of the interventions analyzed is identified, conditioned by marked contextual differences that limit their overall effectiveness. The study highlights the need to strengthen local capacities, promote civil society participation, and align civil protection frameworks with the SDGs.