Dynamics of autonomic regulation in patients with stress urinary incontinence with the use of magnetic and electrical stimulation

Objective: To study the vegetative component of the pathogenesis of stress urinary incontinence in women and the dynamics of the autonomic nervous system parameters after a course of treatment, including myoelectric stimulation, extracorporeal magnetic stimulation and physiotherapy. Material and methods. The study included 90 women with stress urinary incontinence. All patients received standard drug therapy and were randomized into 4 groups: in the 1st group, patients additionally received myoelectric stimulation; in the 2nd — extracorporeal peripheral magnetic stimulation, in the 3rd — a complex effect of 9 myoelectric stimulation and electrical stimulation); the control group of patients additionally received a course of exercises according to A. Kegel. The state of the pelvic floor muscles was assessed according to perineometry data, the state of vegetative regulation in all patients according to the Kerdo index. Results. The study revealed that in the complex therapy group with a combination of EMS and extracorporeal magnetic therapy, the autonomic regulation indices tend to balance — eutonic reaction, which is much more effective in restoring the urinary retention function, and also significantly increases perineometry indices, compared with the indices in patients in the 1st and 2nd groups, as well as in the control group 4. Conclusion. The positive effect of electrical myostimulation can be explained by an increase in the activity of the striated muscles of the pelvic diaphragm and the sensitivity of nerve endings in the area of impact, which was confirmed by perineometry data. The effect of magnetic stimulation affected the change in the central regulation of autonomic tone in increasing the activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, which affected the activity of the smooth muscles of the bladder.