Development & Validation of Procrastination & Nomophobia Questionnaire – Indian Adaptation (PNQ-IA)

Procrastination, defined as the voluntary delay of tasks despite negative consequences, and nomophobia, the fear of being without mobile phone access, are increasingly relevant psychological phenomena in the digital age. This study develops and validates the Procrastination & Nomophobia Questionnaire – Indian Adaptation (PNQ-IA), a culture-fair screening tool tailored for Indian young adults aged 20–30 years. Drawing from the General Procrastination Scale (GPS) and the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), the PNQ-IA comprises 30 items (15 for procrastination, 15 for nomophobia) rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Administered to 200 participants (100 males, 100 females), the scale demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82 for nomophobia, 0.79 for procrastination) and a moderate correlation (r = 0.45, p < 0.001) between the constructs. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) validated a two-factor model distinguishing Nomophobia (NOM, items Q1–Q15) and Procrastination (PRO, items Q16–Q30) as correlated constructs (r = 0.38). The model demonstrated acceptable fit (CFI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0.05), with strong factor loadings and high reliability (Cronbach’s α ≈ 0.89–0.90). The findings suggest nomophobia and procrastination are related, with phone dependency potentially contributing to procrastination tendencies. Findings suggest that smartphone dependency exacerbates task avoidance, offering insights for interventions to enhance productivity among Indian youth. Limitations include a small sample size and lack of factorial validation