Comparative analysis of the efficacy of spectral phototherapy in patients after knee arthroplasty

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive approach to the recovery of patients after knee arthroplasty in the early postoperative period, including modern spectral phototherapy technologies. Material and methods. The work examined and analyzed the data of 100 patients after TKR in the early postoperative period. The average age of the subjects was 65.76±5.87 years. The patients were divided into two equal groups. The control group (n=50) received a traditional rehabilitation complex according to the approved protocols, including therapeutic exercise, low-frequency magnetic therapy and intermittent pneumatic compression. The main group (n=50) additionally underwent spectral phototherapy with SFT cream No. 1. The rehabilitation program for patients after TKR was carried out using several technologies: SFT with the use of SFT cream No. 1, a set of therapeutic exercises to increase passive and active motor activity, standard physiotherapeutic procedures: intermittent pneumatic compression and low-frequency magnetic therapy. Results. A comparative analysis of this study showed that before modern physiotherapy technologies were used, all patients had the following disorders: swelling in the area of the endoprosthetic knee joint 2.7 ± 1.08 cm, a decrease in the flexion angle to 123.04 ± 3.36 degrees, the presence of pain syndrome 6.21 ± 0.96 points on VAS, which significantly limited the ability of patients to move and self-care. Assessment using specialized scales (WOMAC, Leken, Harris) indicated pronounced functional limitations in a significant number of patients in this study. After completion of the comprehensive SFT course, objective positive dynamics were noted for all monitored parameters. Edema in the endoprosthetic knee joint decreased to 1.04±0.27 cm. The range of motion in the endoprosthetic knee joint increased to 97.61±1.29 degrees. A reliable decrease in pain syndrome to 1.57±0.07 points on the VAS was noted, which shows significant positive dynamics of the studied parameters, reliable positive dynamics in the ability to self-care and perform everyday tasks and the patient’s integration into society. Conclusion. Practical use of spectral phototherapy in rehabilitation allows achieving an increase in all the necessary indicators of improving the quality of life of patients in the shortest possible period, promotes rapid restoration of the functional range of motion in the operated knee joint, has a specific effect on the patient’s body as a low-intensity method, allows improving standard techniques and bringing rehabilitation after endoprosthetics to a higher level.