Quantum space vector pulse width modulation for speed control of permanent magnet synchronous machines

The need for effective control strategies in electrical motor drives has resulted in significant advances in inverter modulation approaches, particularly for permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). This study proposes a quantum-based strategy to improve energy efficiency, control precision, and system stability by developing quantum space vector pulse width modulation (QSVPWM) as an alternative technique to classical SVPWM for PMSM control. The proposed QSVPWM employs a quantum comparator implemented via a quantum subtractor for real numbers ranging from −100 % to +100 %. Trigonometric properties and the tensor product are combined to create a quantum sign function. The QSVPWM controller also incorporates quantum versions of classical logical gates such as and OR. The effectiveness of QSVPWM was assessed using MATLAB Simulink simulations, and its performance was compared with that of SVPWM under the same conditions. QSVPWM outperforms SVPWM in terms of control precision, oscillation reduction, and energy efficiency, reducing the root mean square speed error by 0.47 %, the d-axis current by 0.11 %, and the q-axis current by 0.59 %. Furthermore, a total harmonic distortion study revealed that QSVPWM reduces higher-order harmonics, thereby improving power quality and lowering energy losses. These enhancements help smooth control dynamics, minimize mechanical stress on components, and improve energy efficiency. In summary, QSVPWM outperforms traditional SVPWM, particularly for applications requiring precise control and greater energy savings in motor control systems.