A GWO-Optimized FSIMC-PID Controller for Sustained Operation of DC-DC Boost Converter

Efficacious controller design in DC-DC boost converter applications is paramount, as it directly governs both energy efficiency and system stability. Within the internal model control (IMC) framework, the performance of the controller—stability, robustness, and transient dynamics—is intricately influenced by the configuration of the IMC filter and the precise calibration of its parameters. This study introduces the design of a frequency-shifted IMC-PID controller for a non-minimum phase (NMP) system, specifically applied to the boost converter topology. The design methodology entails the optimal tuning of two critical parameters: (i) IMC filter constant and (ii) frequency-shifting parameter . The Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm is employed for fine tuning of these variables. The performance of the optimized controller is benchmarked against a conventional PID controller. Simulations conducted in the MATLAB Simulink platform are used to assess the controller’s performance under different operating scenarios of the boost converter. Key performance metrics, including IAE, ISE, ITAE, and ITSE, are employed to evaluate transient response. The findings indicate that the GWO-optimized FSIMC-PID controller not only enhances the servo and regulatory control actions but also augments operational stability. By achieving these design objectives, this approach promotes the development of more sustainable and robust power conversion systems, particularly for renewable energy applications and low-energy environments, aligning with global imperatives for more energy-efficient and environmentally conscious technologies.