Advancement of Clean Energy and Industrial Infrastructure through Real-Time Performance Evaluation of MPPT Techniques

The efficiency of PVPS (photovoltaic power systems) needs to be enhanced under actual climatic conditions. The panel temperature and solar irradiance both vary non–linearly and hence, affects the functioning of MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) techniques in tracking actual MPP (Maximum Power Point). In this paper, a well–established, industrialized and most widely used conventional MPPT technique i.e. P&O (Perturb and Observe) with a newly proposed IPDM (Intersection Point Determination Method) technique has been implemented under real–time non–linearly varying pattern of irradiance. The temperature has been kept constant as per the STC (Standard Test Conditions) i.e. 25R"C. The dataset of solar irradiance with various abrupt variations has been extracted from Solcast Weather Report. MATLAB/Simulink software is used to carry out the simulation studies for a stand–alone 60W solar PVPS. It has been found that the tracking efficiency of IPDM is 99.10% under actual weather conditions that makes it more feasible and efficient when compared with the tracking efficiency of 98.50% in the P&O technique. Hence, the IPDM MPPT technique is promising in terms of negligible oscillations, maximum power output, fast tracking speed and better convergence when implemented under actual climatic conditions. Improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power systems with the implementation of advanced MPPT technique showcases the innovation in solar infrastructure, particularly through more efficient energy harvesting and technological improvements under SDG 9. It also supports SDG 7 by enabling more reliable and higher energy output from renewable sources, even under challenging real-world conditions.