Studying and Assessment of Water Quality of Euphrates River in Iraq

One of Iraq's primary water sources, the Euphrates River, was the subject of this water quality assessment. This study set out to evaluate the quality of the water flowing down the Euphrates River in Iraq. Water samples were collected seasonally at seven stations: S1 (Al-Ramadi), S2 (Al-Hilla), S3 (Karbala), S4 (Al-Najaf), S5 (Al-Diwaniya), S6 (Al-Samawa), and S7 (Al-Nasiriyah) from January 2023 to December 2023. Five parameters were analyzed, Hydrogen Ions (pH), and total dissolved solid (TDS). Dissolved oxygen (DO), Nitrate (NO3), and Phosphate (PO4). In the research region of the Euphrates River, seasonal fluctuations in the tested parameters of water varied from one season to the next. The values of these parameters are high in all stations in Summer, and they decrease in Spring. The parameters (pH, DO, NO3, and PO4) in all stations were within the allowable limit of water quality according to the (Iraqi Standards of River Water), while in station (5), the value of TDS exceeded the allowable value in Summer (2750) and Autumn (2600), in stations (6) the values of TDS were exceed the allowable value in all Seasons which reach (2291ppm, 2750 ppm, 1870 ppm, 3120 ppm and 2990 ppm). In stations (7), TDS exceeded the allowable value in all Seasons which reach (2709 ppm, 2305 ppm, 3900 ppm, and 3670 ppm).