Artificial Intelligence Based Sustainable Solution for Detection of Organic Molecules on Mars

Poverty, hunger, health, quality education, affordable water and energy, climate change, economical growth, and sustainable cities are limitless sustainable development goals (SDGs) and technologies help to achieve these goals. Organic molecules are the foundation of life. Several Mars lander and rover missions have been launched with the goal of detecting various organic molecules on Mars. Various techniques are employed to detect and characterize organic molecules on Mars. Thermal and evolved-gas analyzer with differential scanning calorimeter, gas chromatography mass spectrometry with pyrolysis, evolved-gas analyzer with GCMS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry), SHERLOC (Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals) and fluorescence spectroscopy are widely used technology for characterization of desired compounds on Mars. The preservation of organic matters from the disintegration by galactic cosmic rays, ultraviolet radiation and solar particles have been identified as significant challenges in the efforts to further characterize organic molecules on Mars. Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays crucial role to enhance the analysis of data from various scientific instruments in sustainable ways. This work is identified organic molecules present on Mars and analyzes the molecules using AI from various techniques which help to achieve different SDGs.