Research of the quality of motor oils working in engines of mining transport equipment

The purpose of this work is to study the performance characteristics of motor oils operating in engines of heavily loaded mining and transport equipment.Physico-chemical indicators of operating oil can serve as a diagnostic parameter by which, without disassembling the unit, you can evaluate not only the serviceability of the object at the time of diagnosis, but also the possibility of its further trouble-free use for a certain period.Research has been carried out on the performance characteristics of SAE15W-40, API CI-4 engine oil used in diesel engines operating heavily loaded mining equipment.BelAZ-75310 dump trucks, as vehicles for the working area of a quarry, are most susceptible to the effects of mining conditions that become more complex with depth.The main physical and chemical indicators of properties (viscosity, base number, flash point, etc.) affecting the performance characteristics of the oil have been studied.Studies of the contamination of lubricating oils during operation in hot climates and high dust levels show that lubricants are intensively contaminated with mechanical impurities, water, fuel and products of organic origin, which leads to premature aging of the oil.To achieve this goal, we took samples of SAE15W-40, API CI-4 motor oil from a BelAZ-75310 dump truck in the operating conditions of the Navoi MMC and were analyzed according to the main quality indicators.In order to determine the characteristics of used oil, motor oil was subjected to spectral analysis.Laboratory physicochemical and spectral analyzes of oils were carried out according to established methods.Analyzes show that used oil mainly contains wear products based on the concentration of:aluminum (Al), which can indicate piston wear; by the presence of chromium (Cr) -about wear of chrome-plated piston rings; by the presence of iron (Fe) -about wear of the liner; by the presence of lead (Pb) -liners; atmospheric dust in the form of (Si) and products of spent additives in the form of molybdenum (Mo).Increased iron content indicates intensification of wear processes.Taking into account all the experimental data we have received on changes in quality indicators (base number and flash point), we recommend additionally adding additives to the engine oil, which consists of phosphorus 4.5%, sulfur 14%, molybdenum 10.6%.According to the results of laboratory studies, when adding MoPS-14 3% additive to SAE15W-40, API CI-4 motor oil, the physicochemical indicators gave a positive result compared to SAE15W-40, API CI-4 base oils.