Research Progress on Drug Therapy for Retinal Vein Occlusion Combined with Macular Edema

As a common cause of blindness in retinal vascular diseases, retinal vein occlusion (Retinal vein occlusion, RVO) often leads to macular edema (macular edema, ME), which is the core pathological link causing central vision loss in patients. In recent years, with the innovative application of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) agents, breakthroughs in sustained-release glucocorticoid technology, and the promotion of multimodal combined therapy strategies, clinical management of RVO-associated ME has entered a new phase of precision treatment. This review is based on evidence from evidence-based medicine, systematically analyzing the latest advancements in the pharmacological treatment system for RVO-ME, and proposes new directions for exploration from a translational medicine perspective, addressing current research gaps.