Observation on the Efficacy of Edaravone Dexborneol in the Treatment of Large-area Cerebral Infarction

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of edaravone dexborneol in the treatment of patients with large-area cerebral infarction by comparing the GCS score, mRS score, NIHSS score, BI score, and hs-CRP results before and after treatment, as well as the mRS score, mortality rate, length of hospital stay, and adverse reactions after 90 days of treatment between the two groups. Methods: A total of 102 patients with acute large-area cerebral infarction who were hospitalized in the neurology department of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. All patients were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 51 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment, thrombolytic therapy, and endovascular interventional therapy, while the experimental group received additional edaravone dexborneol treatment for 14 days based on the above treatment methods. The GCS score, mRS score, NIHSS score, BI score, and hs-CRP results before and after treatment, as well as the mRS score, mortality rate, length of hospital stay, and adverse reactions after 90 days of treatment, were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Results: The two groups were comparable at baseline, with no significant differences in demographics, laboratory parameters, stroke subtype (TOAST), neurological deficit (NIHSS), functional status (mRS, BI), consciousness (GCS), or inflammation (hs-CRP) (all P > 0.05). After 14 days of treatment, the experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher overall response rate (78.4% vs. 52.9%, P = 0.007), greater reduction in NIHSS score (P = 0.043) and greater increase in BI score (P = 0.017), while changes in GCS and mRS remained similar between groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, the experimental group achieved larger pre-to-post treatment improvements in NIHSS (P = 0.032) and BI (P = 0.013), but not in GCS or mRS (P > 0.05). Inflammatory marker hs-CRP decreased more markedly in the experimental group at day 14 and showed a greater change from baseline (both P < 0.001). By day 90, the experimental group exhibited lower mRS scores and greater mRS improvement than controls (P = 0.011 and P = 0.038, respectively), without differences in mortality (P > 0.05). Finally, there were no significant differences between groups in hospital length of stay or adverse event rates (P > 0.05), indicating both regimens were similarly safe and well tolerated. Conclusion: Edaravone dexborneol can effectively improve neurological deficits in patients with large-area cerebral infarction, improve patients’ quality of life, and has good safety. Edaravone dexborneol can improve inflammatory indicators in patients with large-area cerebral infarction, which is one of the mechanisms of edaravone dexborneol in the treatment of large-area cerebral infarction. Edaravone dexborneol can improve the short-term prognosis of patients with large-area cerebral infarction.