Research and Development and Clinical Application of Drug-controlled Release Esophageal Stents Based on 3D Printing Technology

3D printing technology is greatly revolutionizing the R&D model of medical devices. Therefore, this paper conducts a comprehensive review of the application progress of 3D printing technology in the field of drug-controlled release esophageal stents, focusing on aspects such as material selection, structural design, drug loading strategies, and clinical application effects. After reviewing the current literature, it is found that 3D printing technology can achieve personalized customization of esophageal stents, manufacturing of complex structures, and precise drug-controlled release, providing a brand-new idea for solving problems such as displacement and restenosis faced by traditional esophageal stents. At present, 3D-printed drug-controlled release esophageal stents have shown good application prospects in the treatment of diseases such as radiation esophagitis and esophageal cancer. However, it is still necessary to further optimize the material properties and conduct long-term safety evaluations.