Current Advances in Amyloidosis Research: Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Directions

Amyloidosis encompasses a group of rare diseases characterized by the extracellular deposition of insoluble fibrillar proteins, known as amyloid, in various organs and tissues. Recent research has provided substantial insights into the pathophysiology, diagnostic techniques, and therapeutic options for different forms of amyloidosis, including AL (light chain), AA (inflammatory), and ATTR (transthyretin) types. This paper reviews current advancements in the field, emphasizing novel diagnostic tools such as amyloid imaging and mass spectrometry, therapeutic breakthroughs including monoclonal antibodies and gene silencers, and future directions aimed at improving patient outcomes through precision medicine and early detection. Despite ongoing challenges, recent innovations are redefining the clinical landscape of amyloidosis.