Distinctive Hardening of Distribution Networks Against Magnetic Attacks Using Advanced Materials

This study investigates the behavior of a sample distribution network in response to severe magnetic pulses without protective or anti-magnetic wave control equipment using materials science principles. To this end, a standard 33bus network is simulated within MATLAB under a severe magnetic attack without the presence of any materials, demonstrating a significant voltage drop at the attack point (busbar 15). Subsequently, ferromagnetic metamaterial, Mxene nanocomposite, and PANI polymer are utilized at sensitive network points to individually examine the voltage behavior of busbar 15 during the attack and network recovery. The network shows satisfactory resistance in simulation results against magnetic attack effects when using all three materials, with voltage drops exhibiting a gentler slope. The network using ferromagnetic metamaterials achieved the most effective results by causing a 5 % voltage decrease on busbar 15 during the attack. Thus, utilizing this material alongside other protective equipment will significantly contribute to strengthen network resistance against severe magnetic pulses.