Impact of Economic Siting Policies of Photovoltaic Farm on Voltage and Rotor Angle Stability: Iran's Case Study

This paper investigates the ramifications of economically driven siting strategies for large-scale photovoltaic power plants (PVPPs) on the short-term dynamic stability of the Iranian interconnected power system. Beyond the conventional focus on lands with minimum acquisition costs and maximum solar irradiance, this study comprehensively integrates critical factors such as national energy policies, geographical and environmental constraints, population density, and existing grid infrastructure topology to forecast PVPP deployment patterns. Employing a modified IEEE 9-bus test system, parameterized to reflect the unique characteristics of the Iranian grid, and incorporating realistic PVPP construction projections aligned with government development targets, the analysis comprehensively evaluates the impact PVPP integration on rotor angle, frequency, and voltage stability in short-term as the main contribution. Simulation results demonstrate that prioritizing purely economic siting criteria, without adequate consideration of network stability requirements, can significantly compromise short-term dynamic performance. Conversely, the integration of PVPPs equipped with appropriate control strategies enhances stability up to a specific penetration threshold.