Performance Evaluation of Self-Curing Concrete Incorporating Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-400) and GGBS for M30, M50, and M70 Grades

Abstract Curing is an essential process in concrete construction that ensures adequate moisture retention during the early stages of hydration. However, practical challenges often hinder effective curing, especially in remote or water-scarce environments. As a sustainable alternative, self-curing techniques have gained attention. This study investigates the influence of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-400) as a self-curing agent and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as a partial cement replacement on the mechanical performance of concrete. Concrete mixes of M30, M50, and M70 grades were developed with PEG-400 dosages ranging from 0% to 2% by weight of cement and GGBS replacing cement from 0% to 40%. The mechanical properties — compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength — were evaluated at 28 days. Results revealed that the optimum PEG-400 dosage (1.0–1.5%) and GGBS content (10–20%) significantly improved the strength properties, with gains of approximately 10%–15% over conventional concrete. This combination also improved hydration and internal moisture retention.