Study of the Effect of Optical Constants of Dust Film on the Efficiency of Photovoltaic Modules

To study the influence of optical constants of the polluting film on the efficiency of the photovoltaic module, a fractal model, and a complex medium model are proposed. The fractal dimension of the dust film is determined using images of the surface of the photovoltaic module and solar collector. It is shown that up to the percolation threshold, the calculations of optical constants according to the fractal model and the complex medium model differ by less than 1%. In the process of sedimentation of non-absorbing dust particles on the surface of the photovoltaic module, a clearing effect is possible: an increase in the transmittance of the glass.