Mongolian law and its reflection in Russian legal monuments

The article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of Mongolian law on Russian legal monuments during the XIII– XVI centuries, when Russia was under the rule of the Golden Horde. It examines how the norms of Genghis Khan’s Yasa were reflected in such documents as the Russian Truth, the Judicial Codes of 1497 and 1550, in the areas of punishment, administrative management, terminology, centralization of power and regulation of trade. The study is based on a comparative analysis of texts, archaeological data from 2020–2024 (for example, finds in Kazan and Ryazan) and statistics showing that 15–20% of norms and terms in Russian monuments are of Mongolian origin. It was found that the Mongolian influence manifested itself in tougher punishments (an increase in corporal punishment from 5 to 18 %), the introduction of censuses and tributes, the borrowing of terms (“tamga”, “yam”), the strengthening of centralization (up to 22% of norms in Judicial Records) and the development of trade rules. However, borrowings have adapted to Slavic traditions, which is confirmed by the preservation of local institutions.